Is Ukraine a unitary state with a centuries-old history, which has been under the occupation of Russia for the last three centuries, or a conglomerate of regions that are not culturally and economically connected? The book presents the history of all regions of Ukraine, an analysis of the results of Ukrainization - both communist and orange - their development prospects are considered. The author writes about the myths and reality of the formation of Ukrainian statehood, about the Holodomor and the reunification of Western and Eastern Ukraine, raises the question of Crimea and gives forecasts for the development of relations with Russia.