In volume 1 of the essay, the author talks about the union of Little Russia with Poland, the birth of the Cossacks, civil strife and the Battle of Khotyn in 1621, etc. Volume 2 is devoted to the period of Polish rule in Little Russia, in which the author talks about the personality and far-sighted plans of the great Polish hetman, commander Stanislav Konetspolsky, Cossack campaigns on Polish pans and other feuds Volume 3 of the essay is devoted to the period of hetmanism, which began with the uprising of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, which broke out in 1648. The publication reflects the events of the Zborovsky battle of 1649 - the battle between Ukrainian and Polish troops during the liberation war of the Ukrainian people 1648-1654. and the consequences of the battle - the Zborovsky treaty of 1649 formally recognizing the Cossack administration of the southeastern territories of the Commonwealth. Also consecrated are the events preceding the Zhvanets trilateral treaty of 1653 and its consequences. The publication consecrates all aspects of the socio-political, spiritual and everyday life of the people of Little Russia.