The manual reflects the economic life of Russia during the period of industrial and monopolistic capitalism. It shows the development of industry, agriculture, the financial and monetary system, trade, the concentration of banks, financial capital, the formation of monopolies, the role of the Russian economy in the world economy. The issue of the economic prerequisites of the Great October Socialist Revolution is being considered. For students of economic specialties of universities. It can be used by everyone interested in the economic development of Russia.