The book was written on the basis of a generalization of the experience of using diamond tools at machine-building plants of the Kharkov economic region and experimental studies conducted by the Department of Metal Cutting and Metal Cutting Tools of the Kharkov Polytechnic Institute, as well as literary data. It discusses the properties and areas of application of industrial diamonds in mechanical engineering and gives recommendations for their rational use for sharpening and finishing cutting tools, grinding and honing parts, straightening grinding wheels, finishing and polishing with diamond pastes, turning with diamond cutters.