Albert Camus (1913-1960) - an outstanding French writer, Nobel Prize laureate in literature (1957) and one of the most original thinkers of our time. "The problem of man," "the truth of man" have always been in the center of attention of A. Camus, and that circle of ideas and images formulated and outlined by him back in the 40s and 50s still remain more relevant than ever. The main task of this study is to trace the internal logic of the evolution of the writer's views, as well as to show their conditioning by cultural context and artistic practice.