The monograph presented to the attention is devoted to the study of Arab-Turkic relations from the time of the emergence of Islam and the creation of the Caliphate, their subsequent development, especially during the reign of the Abbasid dynasty. The author paid attention mainly to the military-political aspects of these relationships from the VIII to the middle of the X centuries. It is shown that the result of the mutual influence of Arabs and Turks, who went beyond their ethnicity, equalized as Muslims, became a single political system of government, a Muslim civilization acceptable to all arose, in the creation of which representatives of all peoples included in the Caliphate participated.