The book analyzes the connections between folklore and the Russian formal school, the search for a folklore alternative in the work of Russian thinkers of the Silver Age, the metamorphosis of archaic plots and images in Slavic fantasy. Minutes of meetings of the Moscow Linguistic Circle (1919-1922), a report by V.Ya. Propp "Morphology of a Russian folk tale," essays on the biography and folklore interests of academician V.N. Peretz, exiled revolutionary ethnographer A.A. Makarenko, researcher of folk medicine V.F. Demich, as well as other scientists and writers: A.A. Blok, A.A. I. Kirpichnikova, N.I. Lebedeva, V.N. Mochulsky, A.N. Ostrovsky, I.P. Sakharov, I.I. Sreznevsky, K.F. Tiander and others. The publication is intended for folklorists, literary scholars, ethnographers, historians, as well as for everyone who is interested in the folk culture and history of Russia.