The book presents one of the most important sections of cognitive psychology - the psychology of cognitive (wider - cognitive) styles that characterize individual differences in the ways of knowing the world. The history and current state of the style approach is described, taking into account its innovations and contradictions. A new interpretation of cognitive styles as metacognitive abilities that take part in the regulation of intellectual activity and individual social behavior is proposed. Cognitive styles are seen as part of the personal cognitive style along with information coding styles, problem-setting and problem-solving styles, epistemological styles.